What is the problemOne
of the biggest questions in sarcoma treatment is accurately diagnosing
the type of sarcoma and its aggressiveness. This is important
because more specific and accurate pathology translate into better
treatment plans. Being able to reliably and consistently diagnose the
cancer is the first major step toward a reliable and consistent set of
solutions. A team of world-class experts couldn't agree on a single diagnoses nor provide one recommendation based on a clear set of data to our founder.
What does the solution look like?It
requires establishing a link between the biology of sarcoma cells and
their associated patient outcomes. Such a link is called a correlation.
With this information, scientists will better understand the biologic
factors that help predict patient outcomes. This is what
Dr. Amreen Husain and her team would like to do, with your help.
Specifically, how is this done?These
biologic factors are called histopathologic criteria. Histopathology is
the microscopic study of diseased tissue. It reveals the types of cells
present in abnormal tissue and permits accurate diagnosis, including a
measure of the aggressiveness of the disease. The analysis results in a
list of histopathologic criteria. Today, for sarcoma, these criteria
are insufficient. It is common for a patient to get as many
recommendations as there are physicians that studied their pathology
slides. This can be dangerous as the histopathologic criteria assist
the clinician in deciding on the best course of action.
In order
to gain such a deep understanding, scientists need a lot of examples -
eg. a lot of sarcoma cell samples with associated clinical information.
Using gene and protein microarrays, researchers can study the biology
of these cells and see if histopathologic patterns appear for any given
clinical outcome.
How will this help patients?A
large study such as this one really has the potential to have a large
impact on the future of sarcoma research and eventually clinical care.
1)
It tells us which biologic factors are relevant to the clinical outcome
- scientists won't waste time on the ones that aren't.
2) It tells
us to what extent each biologic factor can be associated with a given
outcome. The factors that most strongly correlate with a bad outcome
will make ideal targets for future treatments.
The information will
also help oncologists make treatment recommendations - the more
aggressive the cancer, the more aggressive the treatment.
This
work has been done for other types of cancer but there are no large and
comprehensive tissue banks with clinical information for sarcoma. One of the goals of the project coordinated
at Stanford is to expand tissue collection, banking and analysis of all
types of sarcoma to help physicians better predict clinical outcomes.
If you have any questions about our research policy or project, please
e-mail us.
